Each year, the world’s governments and stakeholders gather at the UN’s Conference of the Parties (COP), the supreme decision-making body of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change,  to review progress on climate commitments and agree on new actions. COP30 will be the 30th such summit and is scheduled for 6–21 November 2025 in Belém, Brazil. As with past COPs, it will draw heads of state and ministers, negotiators, climate scientists, business leaders and NGOs from around the globe. Together they will chart collective strategies – from stricter emissions targets to clean-energy investment – aimed at cutting greenhouse gases and adapting to climate impacts worldwide.

COP30 comes at a critical time. Roughly a decade after the Paris Agreement and with key 2030 climate goals looming, leaders will assess the first “Global Stocktake” of collective progress and ramp up ambition going forward. The agenda is expected to center on enhancing national commitments (new or updated NDCs), scaling up finance (especially for developing countries), and reinforcing efforts to keep warming below 1.5 °C. Observers note that Belém’s tropical setting underscores a “decade of acceleration” – a milestone opportunity for governments to turn words into concrete action, close gaps in emission reductions and climate finance, and get the world back on track to meet the Paris targets by 2030.